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Robert G. Roth. The Evolving Audience: Alternatives to Audience Accommodation.

Roth, Robert G. "The Evolving Audience: Alternatives to Audience Accommodation." CCC 38.1 (1987): 47-55.

Abstract:

In a study of three student writers' composing processes, Roth investigates whether students determine their audience before they write or if they revise and invent their audience during the composing process. He finds that all three students use strategies to keep their audiences flexible and variable. Some of the strategies, which instructors could teach to their students, include considering opposing viewpoints, articulating arguments without being apologetic, and projecting the self as the audience. Teachers, Roth argues, should realize that audience definition is a creative process and not insist that their students define, analyze, and accommodate a particular audience at the beginning of a writing task because that can unnecessarily restrict the student writer.

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Works Citing

Listed below are links to articles that reference Robert G. Roth. The Evolving Audience: Alternatives to Audience Accommodation.

» Russel K. Durst. The Mongoose and the Rat in Composition Research: Insights from the RTE Annotated Bibliography. from CCC Online

Works Cited
Berkenkotter, Carol. "Understanding a Writer's Awareness of Audience." CCC 32 (1981): 388-99.
Britton, James, Tony Burgess, Nancy Martin, Alex McLeod, and Harold Rosen. The Development of Writing Abilities (11-18). London: Macmillan, 1975.
Dillon, George L. Constructing Texts: Elements of a Theory of Composition and Style. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1981.
Ede, Lisa, and Andrea Lunsford. "Audience Addressed/Audience Invoked: The Role of Audience in Composition Theory and Pedagogy." CCC 35 (1984): 155-71.
Emig, Janet. "Writing as a Mode of Learning." CCC 28 (1977): 122-28.
Flower, Linda, and John Hayes. "The Cognition of Discovery: Defining a Rhetorical Problem." CCC 31 (1980): 21-32.
Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Marble Faun. The Complete Novels and Selected Tales of Nathaniel Hawthorne. Ed. Norman Holmes Pearson. New York: Random, 1937.
Iser, Wolfgang. The Implied Reader. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1974.
Kroll, Barry M. "Writing for Readers: Three Perspectives on Audience." CCC 35 (1984): 172-85.
Mead, George H. Mind, Self, and Society. 1934. Ed. & introd. Charles W. Morris. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1962.
Odell, Lee, Dixie Goswami, and Doris Quick. "Writing outside the English Composition Class: Implications for Teaching and for Learning." Literacy for Lift: The Demand for Reading and Writing. Ed. Richard W. Bailey and Robin Melanie Fosheim. New York: MLA, 1983. 175-94.
Ong, Walter J. "The Writer's Audience Is Always a Fiction." PMLA 90 (1975): 9-21.
Park, Douglas B. "Analyzing Audiences." CCC 37 (1986): 478-488.
---. "The Meanings of 'Audience.'" College English 44 (1982): 247-57.
Rosenblatt, Louise M. The Reader, the Text, the Poem. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1978.
Walzer, Arthur E. "Articles from the 'California Divorce Project': A Case Study of the Concept of Audience." CCC 36 (1985): 150-59.
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